MRT logoMaterial React Table

Infinite Scrolling Example

An infinite scrolling table is a table that streams data from a remote server as the user scrolls down the table. This works great with large datasets, just like our Virtualized Example, except here we do not fetch all of the data at once upfront. Instead, we just fetch data a little bit at a time, as it becomes necessary.

Using a library like @tanstack/react-query makes it easy to implement an infinite scrolling table in Material React Table with the useInfiniteQuery hook.

Enabling the virtualization feature is actually optional here but is encouraged if the table will be expected to render more than 100 rows at a time.

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Demo

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#
First Name
Last Name
Address
State
Phone Number

Fetched 0 of 0 total rows.

Source Code 

1import {
2  type UIEvent,
3  useCallback,
4  useEffect,
5  useMemo,
6  useRef,
7  useState,
8} from 'react';
9import {
10  MaterialReactTable,
11  type MRT_ColumnDef,
12  type MRT_ColumnFiltersState,
13  type MRT_SortingState,
14  type MRT_Virtualizer,
15} from 'material-react-table';
16import { Typography } from '@mui/material';
17import {
18  QueryClient,
19  QueryClientProvider,
20  useInfiniteQuery,
21} from '@tanstack/react-query';
22

23type UserApiResponse = {
24  data: Array<User>;
25  meta: {
26    totalRowCount: number;
27  };
28};
29

30type User = {
31  firstName: string;
32  lastName: string;
33  address: string;
34  state: string;
35  phoneNumber: string;
36};
37

38const columns: MRT_ColumnDef<User>[] = [
39  {
40    accessorKey: 'firstName',
41    header: 'First Name',
42  },
43  {
44    accessorKey: 'lastName',
45    header: 'Last Name',
46  },
47  {
48    accessorKey: 'address',
49    header: 'Address',
50  },
51  {
52    accessorKey: 'state',
53    header: 'State',
54  },
55  {
56    accessorKey: 'phoneNumber',
57    header: 'Phone Number',
58  },
59];
60

61const fetchSize = 25;
62

63const Example = () => {
64  const tableContainerRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null); //we can get access to the underlying TableContainer element and react to its scroll events
65  const rowVirtualizerInstanceRef =
66    useRef<MRT_Virtualizer<HTMLDivElement, HTMLTableRowElement>>(null); //we can get access to the underlying Virtualizer instance and call its scrollToIndex method
67

68  const [columnFilters, setColumnFilters] = useState<MRT_ColumnFiltersState>(
69    [],
70  );
71  const [globalFilter, setGlobalFilter] = useState<string>();
72  const [sorting, setSorting] = useState<MRT_SortingState>([]);
73

74  const { data, fetchNextPage, isError, isFetching, isLoading } =
75    useInfiniteQuery<UserApiResponse>({
76      queryKey: ['table-data', columnFilters, globalFilter, sorting],
77      queryFn: async ({ pageParam }) => {
78        const url = new URL(
79          '/api/data',
80          process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production'
81            ? 'https://www.material-react-table.com'
82            : 'http://localhost:3000',
83        );
84        url.searchParams.set('start', `${(pageParam as number) * fetchSize}`);
85        url.searchParams.set('size', `${fetchSize}`);
86        url.searchParams.set('filters', JSON.stringify(columnFilters ?? []));
87        url.searchParams.set('globalFilter', globalFilter ?? '');
88        url.searchParams.set('sorting', JSON.stringify(sorting ?? []));
89

90        const response = await fetch(url.href);
91        const json = (await response.json()) as UserApiResponse;
92        return json;
93      },
94      initialPageParam: 0,
95      getNextPageParam: (_lastGroup, groups) => groups.length,
96      refetchOnWindowFocus: false,
97    });
98

99  const flatData = useMemo(
100    () => data?.pages.flatMap((page) => page.data) ?? [],
101    [data],
102  );
103

104  const totalDBRowCount = data?.pages?.[0]?.meta?.totalRowCount ?? 0;
105  const totalFetched = flatData.length;
106

107  //called on scroll and possibly on mount to fetch more data as the user scrolls and reaches bottom of table
108  const fetchMoreOnBottomReached = useCallback(
109    (containerRefElement?: HTMLDivElement | null) => {
110      if (containerRefElement) {
111        const { scrollHeight, scrollTop, clientHeight } = containerRefElement;
112        //once the user has scrolled within 400px of the bottom of the table, fetch more data if we can
113        if (
114          scrollHeight - scrollTop - clientHeight < 400 &&
115          !isFetching &&
116          totalFetched < totalDBRowCount
117        ) {
118          fetchNextPage();
119        }
120      }
121    },
122    [fetchNextPage, isFetching, totalFetched, totalDBRowCount],
123  );
124

125  //scroll to top of table when sorting or filters change
126  useEffect(() => {
127    //scroll to the top of the table when the sorting changes
128    try {
129      rowVirtualizerInstanceRef.current?.scrollToIndex?.(0);
130    } catch (error) {
131      console.error(error);
132    }
133  }, [sorting, columnFilters, globalFilter]);
134

135  //a check on mount to see if the table is already scrolled to the bottom and immediately needs to fetch more data
136  useEffect(() => {
137    fetchMoreOnBottomReached(tableContainerRef.current);
138  }, [fetchMoreOnBottomReached]);
139

140  return (
141    <MaterialReactTable
142      columns={columns}
143      data={flatData}
144      enablePagination={false}
145      enableRowNumbers
146      enableRowVirtualization //optional, but recommended if it is likely going to be more than 100 rows
147      manualFiltering
148      manualSorting
149      muiTableContainerProps={{
150        ref: tableContainerRef, //get access to the table container element
151        sx: { maxHeight: '600px' }, //give the table a max height
152        onScroll: (
153          event: UIEvent<HTMLDivElement>, //add an event listener to the table container element
154        ) => fetchMoreOnBottomReached(event.target as HTMLDivElement),
155      }}
156      muiToolbarAlertBannerProps={
157        isError
158          ? {
159              color: 'error',
160              children: 'Error loading data',
161            }
162          : undefined
163      }
164      onColumnFiltersChange={setColumnFilters}
165      onGlobalFilterChange={setGlobalFilter}
166      onSortingChange={setSorting}
167      renderBottomToolbarCustomActions={() => (
168        <Typography>
169          Fetched {totalFetched} of {totalDBRowCount} total rows.
170        </Typography>
171      )}
172      state={{
173        columnFilters,
174        globalFilter,
175        isLoading,
176        showAlertBanner: isError,
177        showProgressBars: isFetching,
178        sorting,
179      }}
180      rowVirtualizerInstanceRef={rowVirtualizerInstanceRef} //get access to the virtualizer instance
181      rowVirtualizerOptions={{ overscan: 4 }}
182    />
183  );
184};
185

186const queryClient = new QueryClient();
187

188const ExampleWithReactQueryProvider = () => (
189  <QueryClientProvider client={queryClient}>
190    <Example />
191  </QueryClientProvider>
192);
193

194export default ExampleWithReactQueryProvider;
195

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